第2章 Linux命令和工具-220921135241.pdf

一、概述 二、安装VMware 三、创建虚拟机 四、安装Ubuntu 操作系统ubuntu-18.04.5 五、安装VMwareTools 六、测试虚拟机网络连接 七、设置“ubuntu 代码下载源” 八、设置虚拟机电源 九、通过鼠标点击操作U 盘 十、通过终端查看U 盘文件 十一、通过终端挂载和卸载U 盘 十二、U 盘挂载后出现中文乱码 十三、磁盘分区和格式化 十四、vim 编辑器安装

Linux操作系统分析（讲解PPT），对初学Linux的朋友们很有帮助，尤其是从window来转换、了解Linux的朋友们，我就是其中的一员，受益匪浅

linux操作工具（Xshell+WinSCP结合体）

本压缩文件包含了多个word文档，详细讲解了如何开启计算机虚拟化、如何安装VMware、如何创建虚拟PC机、如何安装Linux操作系统、如何设置固定IP以及如何远程连接Linux系统，视频教程地址：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV15m4y1d7ZP?spm_id_from=333.999.0.0&vd_source=088eabaf36e725934fd6f2c4ba7cf5d1

非常适合初学者，将入门各个操作及逻辑，讲解的非常清楚，并配有随堂笔记及练习，降低了初学者的入门门槛，将系统的主要几个操作也都罗列了出来，涉及到系统的主要的几个方面，把每个方面的基本操作和命令，都罗列了出来，但是对系统的非常深度的讲解是不够的，所以，不适合中级及高级别的学习者。

Linux操作系统零基础入门学习 ，个人总结

本文介绍了嵌入式操作系统开发的详细过程，着重论述了嵌入式操作系统移植和优化的内容和方法，嵌入式操作系统的交叉编译技术和在线调试技术。本文是嵌入式操作 系统开发人员的良好参考方案。

目 录 第1 章 Linux 基础及安装 ···················· ························ ······················· ························ ·················· 1 1.1 Linux 基础知识 ······················· ······················· ························ ······················· ··················· 1 1.2 Linux 对硬件的要求 ························ ························································· ······················· 5 1.3 Red Hat Linux系统安装 ···························· ···························· ························ ·················· 7 1.3.1 硬盘分区··························· ························ ······················· ························ ·················· 7 1.3.2 Red Hat Linux 安装过程 ···················································· ························ ·················· 9 1.4 LILO 的配置和使用············································ ························ ······················· ············ 19 1.4.1 LILO简介 ····················································· ························ ······················· ············ 19 1.4.2 配置 LILO····················································· ························ ······················· ············ 19 1.4.3 卸载 LILO····················································· ························ ······················· ············ 21 小结 ··························· ························································· ························ ··················· ··········· 21 习题 ··························· ························································· ························ ··················· ··········· 21 第2 章 常用 Linux 命令 ···························· ······················· ························ ······················· ············ 22 2.1 系统安全性 ·················································································· ······················· ············ 22 2.1.1 注册和退出系统 ············································ ························ ······················· ············ 22 2.1.2 修改口令··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 25 2.1.3 良好的保密习惯 ············································ ························ ······················· ············ 25 2.2 命令的使用 ·················································································· ······················· ············ 26 2.2.1 bash 简介 ·························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 26 2.2.2 命令格式··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 27 2.2.3 键入命令··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 27 2.2.4 修改命令行输入错误 ···························· ···························· ···························· ············ 27 2.2.5 特殊字符··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 28 2.3 文件操作命令·························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 28 2.3.1 文件系统概念················································ ························ ······················· ············ 28 2.3.2 文件显示命令················································ ························ ······················· ············ 30 2.3.3 匹配、排序命令 ············································ ························ ······················· ············ 34 2.3.4 比较文件内容的命令 ···························· ···························· ···························· ············ 37 2.3.5 复制、删除和移动文件的命令························ ························ ······················· ············ 39 2.3.6 文件内容统计命令··························· ···························· ···························· ················· 40 2.4 目录及其操作命令······················· ······················· ························ ······················· ············ 41 2.4.1 目录结构··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 41 2.4.2 创建和删除目录的命令····················································· ···························· ············ 43 II 2.4.3 改变工作目录和显示目录内容命令······················ ························ ······················· ······· 43 2.4.4 链接文件的命令 ············································ ························ ······················· ············ 45 2.4.5 改变文件或目录存取权限的命令 ···················· ························ ······················· ············ 46 2.4.6 改变用户组和文件主的命令 ··························· ························ ······················· ············ 47 2.5 文件压缩命令·························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 48 2.6 联机帮助命令·························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 49 2.7 进程控制命令·························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 52 2.7.1 查看系统的进程 ············································ ························ ······················· ············ 52 2.7.2 进程控制··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 53 2.8 网络命令 ························ ························································· ···························· ············ 53 2.9 其他命令 ························ ························································· ···························· ············ 57 小结 ··························· ························································· ························ ··················· ··········· 59 习题 ··························· ························································· ························ ··················· ··········· 60 第3 章 vi 编辑器 ·························· ···························· ···························· ···························· ············ 61 3.1 vi 的工作方式·························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 61 3.1.1 命令方式··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 61 3.1.2 输入方式··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 61 3.1.3 ex 转义方式···························· ······················· ························ ······················· ············ 62 3.2 vi 的启动和退出··························· ······················· ························ ······················· ············ 63 3.2.1 启动 vi ·················································································· ······················· ············ 63 3.2.2 退出 vi ·················································································· ······················· ············ 64 3.3 文本输入 ························ ························································· ···························· ············ 64 3.3.1 插入命令··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 64 3.3.2 附加命令··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 65 3.3.3 打开命令··························· ···························· ························ ······················· ············ 65 3.3.4 输入方式下光标移动 ···························· ···························· ···························· ············ 66 3.4 打开文件 ························ ························································· ···························· ············ 67 3.4.1 打开一个文件················································ ························ ······················· ············ 67 3.4.2 打开多个文件················································ ························ ······················· ············ 68 3.4.3 用vi 打开多个窗口 ·························· ···························· ············································· 70 3.5 保存文件 ························ ························································· ···························· ············ 70 3.6 移动光标 ························ ························································· ···························· ············ 71 3.7 文本修改 ························ ························································· ···························· ············ 72 3.7.1 删除与替换 ···························· ······················· ························ ······················· ············ 72 3.7.2 查找 ···························· ···························· ···················································· ············ 74 3.7.3 复制、粘贴、剪切··························· ···························· ···························· ················· 75 3.7.4 重复 ···························· ···························· ···················································· ············ 76 3.7.5 撤销 ···························· ···························· ···················································· ············ 76 3.8 ex命令 ···························· ···························· ···························· ···························· ············ 77

linux操作系统基础知识